Dr. Ludwig Kappos obtained his M.D. and a Diploma in Clinical Psychology from the University of Würzburg, Germany, in 1980, where he went on to specialise in Neurology and Neuroimmunology, and became Deputy Chief, Division of Clinical Neurology, Max Planck Society, Clinical Research Unit for Multiple Sclerosis. In 1990 he was elected Head of the Outpatient Department, Neurology/Neurosurgery and since 2008 Chair of Neurology at the University of Basel, Switzerland. Research interests include immuno-logical and molecular studies in neuroimmunological diseases, methodology and conduct of therapeutic studies mainly in the field of MS, standardisation of clinical assessment, use of magnetic resonance tomography in elucidating the pathogenesis of inflammatory CNS disease and as tool in monitoring therapeutic studies. Dr. Kappos serves as chair or member in several steering committees and advisory boards of Clinical Trials and Organizations active in the field of MS and general Neurology. He has published more than 600 original papers, reviews and book chapters.